1 Cell Biology
State three structures found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
Cell wall, permanent vacuole, and chloroplasts.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
The site of aerobic respiration, where ATP is produced from glucose and oxygen.
Describe the function of the cell membrane.
The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell. It is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through while blocking others.
Explain why plant cells have a cell wall.
The cell wall is made of cellulose and provides rigid structural support, preventing the cell from bursting when it absorbs water.
State the levels of organisation in a multicellular organism from smallest to largest.
Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism.
Define the term tissue.
A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
Give one example of a specialised cell and explain how its structure relates to its function.
A red blood cell has no nucleus, allowing more space for haemoglobin to carry oxygen. Its biconcave shape increases surface area for gas exchange.
What is the difference between an organ and an organ system?
An organ is a group of different tissues working together to perform a function. An organ system is a group of organs working together to perform a larger function.