Cholesterol Diet And Cvd Treatment

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between cholesterol and lipoproteins in the blood?

A patient has a total blood cholesterol of 4.8 mmol/dm³, LDL of 3.6 mmol/dm³ and HDL of 0.8 mmol/dm³. Which conclusion about her CVD risk is most justified?

Why is evidence from people with familial hypercholesterolaemia considered particularly strong support for a causal link between LDL and CVD?

Calculate the BMI of a person with a mass of 78 kg and a height of 1.72 m, and identify the correct category.

A muscular rugby player has a BMI of 28.5 but a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.82. Which conclusion is best supported?

How does a diet high in saturated fats raise blood LDL cholesterol levels?

Which statement correctly describes how carbon monoxide from cigarette smoke contributes to coronary heart disease?

Statins reduce blood LDL cholesterol primarily by:

A 70-year-old patient with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. Which statement best evaluates the benefit-risk balance of this treatment?

Which set of evidence best satisfies the Bradford-Hill criteria for establishing causation between LDL and CVD?

A trial reports that lowering LDL by 1 mmol/dm³ with statins reduces CVD events by approximately 22%, and that lowering it by 2 mmol/dm³ reduces events by approximately 44%. Which Bradford-Hill criterion is best illustrated?

Which combination correctly matches a drug class to its primary site of action in the CVD pathway?

A patient’s waist circumference is 96 cm and hip circumference is 102 cm. Calculate his waist-to-hip ratio and interpret the result for a male patient.

A patient who has had a heart attack is prescribed both a statin and low-dose aspirin. Which statement best explains why both drugs are used together?